Fill in the gaps

Gap-fill exercise

Fill in all the gaps, then press "Check" to check your answers. Use the "Hint" button to get a free letter if an answer is giving you trouble. You can also click on the "[?]" button to get a clue. Note that you will lose points if you ask for hints or clues!
   communities      congested      game changer      infrastructure      migrate      off the grid      shanty towns      smog      ubiquitous      Urban sprawl   
1) If people could get around easily on foot, or by bike, or by public transport, roads would be less – or overcrowded – and less polluted. That sounds rather utopian to me though.
2) That sounds fantastic, but what about somewhere like Beijing with its constant – or air pollution – hanging over the city? A lot of people ride bikes there too. So which city is going to be the model for the future?
3) Well, today's Los Angeles has terrible urban sprawl and traffic problems.
4) is the way a city spreads into undeveloped land around it, often without planning permission.
5) People – or move – from the countryside to the city to get better opportunities, but end up with nowhere to live.
6) So they build their own housing on unoccupied land. These – poor communities where the houses are built out of cheap materials like corrugated iron and plastic sheeting – are often
7) Which means they don't have an electricity or water supply – or access to healthcare and education. And these are growing, so the problem is getting bigger. So are there any solutions?
8) Well, it's all about improving the . That's the basic facilities a town or city needs, for example: communication, transport, water, and electricity. But this shouldn't only mean improving housing conditions, but also promoting education and employment among the inhabitants, and building better communities.
9) - What's ?
- It means available everywhere. So, the idea behind smart cities is to use technology to collect large amounts of data about how a city is performing.
10) - And that will be a – significantly affecting the way our cities function. Hope for the future?
- Fingers crossed.